SEMICONDUCTOR
CHII CHINONZI SEMICONDUCTOR?
Semiconductor mudziyo chinhu chemagetsi chinoshandisa conduction yemagetsi asi chine hunhu huri pakati peiyo conductor, semuenzaniso mhangura, uye iyo ye insulator, segirazi. Midziyo iyi inoshandisa kufambiswa kwemagetsi munzvimbo yakasimba kusiyana neiyo gaseous state kana thermionic emission mune vacuum, uye vakatsiva vacuum chubhu mune akawanda emazuva ano maapplication.
Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa semiconductors iri mune yakabatanidzwa dunhu machipisi. Midziyo yedu yemazuva ano yemakomputa, kusanganisira nharembozha uye mahwendefa, inogona kunge iine mabhiriyoni emasemiconductors akabatanidzwa pamachipi mamwechete ese akabatana pane imwechete semiconductor wafer.
Iko conductivity ye semiconductor inogona kushandiswa nenzira dzakawanda, sekuunza magetsi kana magnetic field, nekuisa pachena kune chiedza kana kupisa, kana nekuda kwekugadzirisa kwekugadzirisa kweiyo doped monocrystalline silicon grid. Nepo tsananguro yehunyanzvi yakanyatsotsanangurwa, iko kushandiswa kwemasemiconductors ndiko kwaita kuti shanduko yedu yedhijitari iripo.
ALUMINIUM INOSHANISWA SEI MUSEMICONDUCTOR?
Aluminium ine zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoita kuti ive yekutanga sarudzo yekushandisa mumasemiconductors uye microchips. Semuenzaniso, aruminiyamu ine adhesion yepamusoro kune silicon dioxide, chikamu chikuru chesemiconductors (apa ndipo pakawana zita reSilicon Valley). Zvimiro zvemagetsi, zvinoti zvine low magetsi kuramba uye inoita kuti ibatane zvakanaka nemabhondi ewaya, ndechimwe bhenefiti yealuminium. Zvakare zvakakosha ndezvekuti zviri nyore kugadzira aluminium mune yakaoma etch maitiro, danho rakakosha mukugadzira semiconductors. Nepo mamwe simbi, semhangura nesirivheri, achipa zvirinani kusakara uye kusimba kwemagetsi, iwo zvakare anodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura aluminium.
Imwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa kunyorera aluminium mukugadzira semiconductors iri mukati mekuita sputtering tekinoroji. Iyo yakatetepa yakaturikidzana ye nano makubvu epamusoro-kuchena simbi uye silicon mune microprocessor wafers inozadzikiswa kuburikidza nemaitiro emuviri mhute deposition inozivikanwa se sputtering. Material anodzingwa kubva pane chinangwa uye anoiswa pane substrate layer yesilicon mune vacuum chamber iyo yakazadzwa negasi kubatsira kufambisa maitiro; kazhinji gasi inert senge argon.
Mahwendefa ekutsigira ezvinangwa izvi akagadzirwa nealuminium ane yakakwira kuchena zvinhu zvekuisa, senge tantalum, mhangura, titanium, tungsten kana 99.9999% pure aluminium, yakasungirirwa pamusoro pavo. Photoelectric kana kemikari etching ye substrate's conductive surface inogadzira iyo microscopic circuitry mapatani anoshandiswa mukuita semiconductor.
Iyo yakajairika aluminium alloy mu semiconductor processing ndeye 6061. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwakanakisa kwealloy, kazhinji inodzivirira anodized layer ichaiswa pamusoro pesimbi, iyo inosimudzira kushora.
Nekuda kwekuti iwo maturusi chaiwo, ngura uye mamwe matambudziko anofanirwa kutariswa zvakanyanya. Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvakawanikwa zvichibatsira mukuora mumasemiconductor zvishandiso, semuenzaniso kuzvirongedza mupurasitiki.