Pfungwa uye Kushandiswa kweBauxite

Aluminium (Al) ndicho chinhu chakanyanya kuwanda chesimbi muEarth crust. Yakasanganiswa neokisijeni nehydrogen, inoumba bauxite, iyo ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa aluminium mumigodhi yeore. Kupatsanurwa kwekutanga kwealuminium chloride kubva kune metallic aluminium yaive muna 1829, asi kugadzirwa kwekutengesa hakuna kutanga kusvika 1886. Aluminium isirivha chena, yakaoma, simbi isina kuremerwa ine giravhiti chaiyo ye2.7. Iyo yakanaka conductor yemagetsi uye yakanyanya-corrosion-resistant. Nekuda kwehunhu uhu, yave simbi yakakosha.Aluminium alloyine chiedza chekubatanidza simba uye naizvozvo inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemaindasitiri.

 
Kugadzirwa kwealumina kunopedza 90% yekugadzirwa kwebauxite pasi rose. Mamwe ese anoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akadai seabrasives, refractory zvinhu, uye makemikari. Bauxite inoshandiswawo mukugadzira yakakwira alumina simende, sechinhu chinochengetedza mvura kana sechinhu chinokonzeresa muindasitiri yepetroleum yekuputira matanda ekuisa welding uye fluxes, uye sekuyerera kwesimbi uye ferroalloys.

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Kushandiswa kwealuminium kunosanganisira midziyo yemagetsi, motokari, ngarava, kugadzirwa kwendege, metallurgical uye makemikari maitiro, mudzimba uye maindasitiri kuvaka, kurongedza (aluminium foil, makani), midziyo yekicheni (tableware, mapoto).

 
Indasitiri yealuminium yakatanga kuvandudza tekinoroji yekudzokorodza zvinhu zvine aruminiyamu zvirimo uye yakamisa nzvimbo yayo yekuunganidza. Chimwe chezvikuru zvinokurudzira zveindastiri iyi chagara chiri kudzikiswa kwekushandiswa kwesimba, kugadzira toni imwe yealuminium inodarika tani imwe yearuminiyamu yekutanga. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuratidza 95% aruminiyamu mvura kubva ku bauxite kuchengetedza simba. Yese toni yearuminiyamu yakadzokororwa zvinorevawo kuchengetedza matani manomwe e bauxite. MuAustralia, 10% yekugadzirwa kwealuminium kunobva kune zvakadzokororwa zvinhu.


Nguva yekutumira: Oct-10-2024
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