Kukhona isisho embonini yokuguqulwa kwezimoto esithi, 'Kungcono ukuba amakhilogremu ayishumi alula entwasahlobo kunephawundi elilodwa elilula entwasahlobo.' Ngenxa yokuthi isisindo esiphuma entwasahlobo sihlobene nesivinini sokuphendula sesondo, ukuthuthukisa ihabhu lamasondo kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwemoto ekulungisweni okuvunyelwe okwamanje. Ngisho namasondo anobukhulu obufanayo, kuzoba nomehluko omkhulu ezindaweni zabo zemishini kanye nesisindo lapho kusetshenziswa izinto ezahlukene kanye namasu okucubungula. Uyazi ngamasu ahlukahlukene wokucubungula weingxube ye-aluminiumamasondo?

 
Ukusakazwa kwamandla adonsela phansi
Ukusakaza kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu embonini yensimbi. Kusukela kudala, abantu babekwazi ukusebenzisa ithusi ukuze benze izikhali nezinye izitsha zisebenzisa izindlela zokuphonsa. Kuwubuchwepheshe obushisa insimbi ibe yisimo esincibilikisiwe bese iyithululela esikhunjini ukuze iphole ibe yisimo, futhi lokho okubizwa ngokuthi “i-gravity casting” iwukugcwalisa isikhunta sonke nge-aluminium ewuketshezi ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla adonsela phansi. Nakuba le nqubo yokukhiqiza ishibhile futhi ilula, kunzima ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana ngaphakathi kwamasondo amasondo futhi ijwayele ukukhiqiza amabhamuza. Amandla ayo kanye nesivuno sayo kuncane kakhulu. Namuhla, lobu buchwepheshe buye baqedwa kancane kancane.

Ukusakaza kwengcindezi ephansi
Ukusakaza kwengcindezi ephansi kuyindlela yokusakaza esebenzisa ingcindezi yegesi ukuze ucindezele insimbi ewuketshezi ibe isikhunta futhi ibangele ukusakaza kukhanye futhi kuqine ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile. Le ndlela ingagcwalisa ngokushesha isikhunta ngensimbi ewuketshezi, futhi ngenxa yokuthi umfutho womoya awunamandla kakhulu, ingakhuphula ukuminyana kwensimbi ngaphandle kokumuncwa emoyeni. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokusakazwa kwamandla adonsela phansi, ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwamasondo anengcindezi ephansi kuminyene futhi kunamandla aphezulu. Ukukhishwa kwengcindezi ephansi kunokukhiqiza okuphezulu, izinga eliphezulu lokufaneleka komkhiqizo, izakhiwo ezinhle zemishini yokusakazwa, izinga eliphezulu lokusetshenziswa koketshezi lwe-aluminium, futhi kulungele ukukhiqizwa okusekela okukhulu. Njengamanje, iningi lamahabhu amasondo aphakathi nendawo kuya kwaphansi asebenzisa le nqubo.

 
Ukusakaza okuphothayo
I-spinning casting ifana nenqubo yokudweba kubuchwepheshe be-ceramic. Isekelwe ekubunjweni kwamandla adonsela phansi noma ukusakaza kwengcindezi ephansi, futhi kancane kancane inweba futhi inciphe irimu yesondo ngokuzungezisa ingxubevange ye-aluminium ngokwayo kanye nokukhishwa nokwelula kwe-rotary blade. Irimu lamasondo lakhiwe ukuphotha okushisayo, okunemigqa yokugeleza kwefayibha esobala esakhiweni, okwenza ngcono kakhulu amandla onke kanye nokungagqwali kwesondo. Ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, isisindo somkhiqizo olula, kanye nezikhala ezincane zamangqamuzana, kuyinqubo enconywa kakhulu emakethe yamanje.

 
Ukuqamba okuhlanganisiwe
I-Forging iyindlela yokucubungula esebenzisa imishini yokubumba ukuze ifake ingcindezi kumabhilidi ensimbi, okuwenza ashintsheke epulasitikini ukuze kutholwe ama-forging anezakhiwo ezithile zemishini, ukwakheka, nosayizi. Ngemuva kokubumba, i-aluminium billet inesakhiwo sangaphakathi esiminyene, futhi inqubo yokubumba ingaphatha kangcono ukushisa kwensimbi, okuholela ezintweni ezingcono zokushisa. Ngenxa yokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokubumba bungacubungula ucezu olulodwa lwensimbi olungenalutho futhi alukwazi ukwakha isimo esikhethekile, izikhala ze-aluminium zidinga izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokusika nokupholisha ngemva kokubumba, nazo ezibiza kakhulu kunobuchwepheshe bokuphonsa.

Multi piece forging
Ukubumba okuhlanganisiwe kudinga ukusika inani elikhulu lobukhulu obudlulele, futhi isikhathi sayo sokucubungula nezindleko ziphakeme ngokuqhathaniswa. Ukuze kuzuzwe izakhiwo zemishini ezilingana nalezo zamasondo omgunyathi abalulekile, kuyilapho kunciphisa isikhathi sokucubungula nezindleko, ezinye izinhlobo zamasondo ezimoto zisebenzisa indlela yokucubungula izingcezu eziningi. Amasondo ama-Multi piece forged angahlukaniswa abe yizicucu ezimbili nezingcezu ezintathu. Esokuqala siqukethe izipoki namasondo, kuyilapho esokugcina sihlanganisa ngaphambili, ngemuva, nezipoki. Ngenxa yezinkinga zomthungo, ihabhu lamasondo ayizingcezu ezintathu lidinga ukuvalwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukungena komoya ngemva kokuhlanganisa. Njengamanje kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuxhuma ihabhu lesondo elifojiwe elinezicucu eziningi: enye iwukusebenzisa amabhawudi/amantongomane akhethekile ukuze kuxhunywe; Enye indlela ukushisela. Nakuba izindleko zamasondo omgunyathi ayiziqephu eziningi ziphansi kunalezo zamasondo omgunyathi anocezu olulodwa, azisindi kangako.

 
Cindezela ukusakaza
Ubuchwepheshe be-Forging busiza ukucutshungulwa kwezingxenye ezibunjiwe eziyinkimbinkimbi, zinikeze izakhiwo ezingcono zemishini, kuyilapho ukubunjwa kokucindezela kuhlanganisa izinzuzo zakho kokubili. Le nqubo ihilela ukuthela insimbi ewuketshezi esitsheni esivulekile, bese usebenzisa i-punch yokucindezela okuphezulu ukuze ucindezele insimbi ewuketshezi ibe yisikhunta, ukugcwalisa, ukubumba, nokupholisa ukuze kukhanye. Le ndlela yokucubungula iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukuminyana ngaphakathi kwehabhu lamasondo, enezici zomshini ezisondelene nalezo zehabhu lesondo lomgunyathi elihlanganisiwe, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, akukho okusalela okuningi okudingeka kusikwe. Njengamanje, inani elikhulu lamahabhu amasondo eJapan selisebenzise le ndlela yokucubungula. Ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lobuhlakani, izinkampani eziningi zenze ukuminyanisa enye yezikhombisi-ndlela zokukhiqiza zamahabhu amasondo ezimoto.