I-SEMICONDUCTOR
YINTONI I-SEMICONDUCTOR?
Isixhobo se-semiconductor licandelo lombane elisebenzisa ukuqhutywa kombane kodwa lineempawu eziphakathi kweso sibheki-si, umzekelo ubhedu, kunye nesigqubuthelo sombane, esifana neglasi. Ezi zixhobo zisebenzisa i-conduction yombane kwisimo esiqinileyo ngokuchasene ne-gaseous state okanye i-thermionic emission kwi-vacuum, kwaye zithathe indawo ye-vacuum tubes kwizicelo ezininzi zanamhlanje.
Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kwee-semiconductors kukwii-chips zesekethe ezidibeneyo. Izixhobo zethu zekhompuyutha zanamhlanje, kubandakanya iiselfowuni kunye neetafile, zinokuqulatha iibhiliyoni zeesemiconductors ezincinci ezidityaniswe kwiitshiphusi enye zonke ezidityaniswe kwiwafer enye ye-semiconductor.
I-conductivity ye-semiconductor inokwenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi, ezifana nokwazisa umbane okanye umbane wamagnetic, ngokuwubeka ekukhanyeni okanye ukushisa, okanye ngenxa yokuguqulwa komatshini wegridi ye-silicon ye-doped monocrystalline. Ngelixa inkcazo yobuchwephesha icaciswe ngokupheleleyo, ukuqhathwa kweesemiconductors kuko oko kwenze ukuba uguquko lwethu lwangoku lwedijithali lwenzeke.
ISETYENZISWA NJANI I-ALUMINIUM KWI-SEMICONDUCTORS?
I-Aluminiyam ineempawu ezininzi ezenza ukuba ibe yinto ephambili yokukhetha ukusetyenziswa kwi-semiconductors kunye ne-microchips. Ngokomzekelo, i-aluminiyam ine-adhesion ephezulu kwi-silicon dioxide, inxalenye enkulu ye-semiconductors (apha kulapho iSilicon Valley yafumana khona igama layo). Iipropati zombane, ezizezi ukuba inokumelana nombane ophantsi kwaye yenza uqhagamshelwano olubalaseleyo kunye neebhondi zocingo, yenye inzuzo ye-aluminiyam. Kwakhona okubalulekileyo kukuba kulula ukwakha i-aluminiyam kwiinkqubo ze-etch ezomileyo, inyathelo elibalulekileyo ekwenzeni i-semiconductors. Ngelixa ezinye iintsimbi, ezifana nobhedu kunye nesilivere, zibonelela ngokumelana nokugqwala okungcono kunye nokuqina kombane, nazo zibiza kakhulu kune-aluminiyam.
Esinye sezona zicelo zixhaphakileyo ze-aluminiyam ekwenzeni i-semiconductors yinkqubo ye-sputtering technology. Umaleko obhityileyo wobungqingqwa be-nano besinyithi obusulungekileyo obuphezulu kunye ne-silicon kwiziphako ze-microprocessor kuphunyezwa ngenkqubo yokubeka umphunga obonakalayo obizwa ngokuba yi-sputtering. Izinto eziphathekayo zikhutshwe kwithagethi kwaye zifakwe kwi-substrate layer ye-silicon kwigumbi lokucoca eliye lazaliswa ngegesi ukunceda ukuququzelela inkqubo; ngokuqhelekileyo igesi ye-inert efana ne-argon.
Iipleyiti ezixhasayo ezi njongo zenziwe nge-aluminium kunye nezixhobo eziphakamileyo zokucoceka kwi-deposition, ezifana ne-tantalum, ubhedu, i-titanium, i-tungsten okanye i-99.9999% ye-aluminium ecocekileyo, eboshwe kumphezulu wabo. Ukufakwa kweefoto zombane okanye iikhemikhali zomphezulu wokuqhuba we-substrate kudala iipateni ze-microscopic circuitry ezisetyenziswa kumsebenzi we-semiconductor.
I-alloy ye-aluminium eqhelekileyo kwi-semiconductor processing yi-6061. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-alloy, ngokubanzi i-anodized layer ekhuselayo iya kusetyenziswa kumphezulu wesinyithi, oya kukhuthaza ukuxhathisa ukubola.
Ngenxa yokuba zizixhobo ezichane ngolo hlobo, umhlwa nezinye iingxaki zifanele zijongwe ngeliso elibukhali. Zininzi izinto ezifunyanisiweyo ezinegalelo ekudlekeni kwezixhobo zesemiconductor, umzekelo ukuzifaka kwiplastiki.