Le dolophu iphinde yagqiba ekubeni ifumane enye inkxaso-mali kwizinto ezinje ngokulungisa umhlaba, amabala okudlala, amatyala emiboniso kunye neekhethini zeqonga. Olu thethwano lwehlise ixabiso laya kutsho malunga nezigidi ezingama-20 zeedola.

Ukujika ngoku kwi-aluminiyam, siyakuvuyela ukunika ingxelo yokuba umkhondo wokunciphisa iindleko zeyunithi uyaqhubeka nekota yokuqala ye-CoP kwi-1,764 yeetoni zeedola, ukuncipha kwe-8% ngonyaka. Sibone iirekhodi ezintsha kwimveliso yethu ye-alumina evalelwe eLanjigarh enemveliso ephezulu kakhulu yeetoni ezingama-446,000, inyuka ngama-37% unyaka nonyaka. Oku kuxhaswe kakuhle lubonelelo oluphezulu oluvela kwi-OMC, ludibana malunga nama-65% emfuno yethu ye-bauxite kwikota. Ngenxa yoko, indawo yethu yokucoca iLanjigarh yabona eyona ndleko iphantsi yemveliso, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, yeedola ezingama-284 ngetoni, oluluphuculo olubalulekileyo unyaka nonyaka.

Ubushushu lulwazi olwahlukileyo olufunekayo. Uninzi lwabavelisi bezithuthi basebenzisa i-tender kwi-T4 uluhlu, oluthathwa ngokuba lunamandla aphantsi, ngoko lunokubunjwa lube yimilo enzima. Abanye abavelisi banokusebenzisa i-T6, eyomeleleyo ngama-50 ekhulwini, ivumela amabakala amancinci okunciphisa ubunzima kodwa igcine amandla kunye nokuxhathisa izibonda. Umsindo uya kuba neyona nto ibalulekileyo ekulungiseni, njengoko iphakamileyo inomsindo, inkuthalo kunye nexesha eliza kuthatha ukulungisa - ukuba kunokwenzeka ukulungisa.

Ngokwahlukileyo, intsimbi yekhabhoni engenanto inezinga lokwandiswa kwe-thermal ye-7.8 microintshi nge-intshi nganye ngedigri F.

I-Novelis kunye ne-Aleris zombini ngabavelisi behlabathi beemveliso ze-aluminiyam ezisongiweyo ezinezixhobo ezibalulekileyo zemveliso kwi-European Economic Area (EEA), ingakumbi eBelgium, eJamani, e-Itali nase-United Kingdom. Ngentengiselwano ecetywayo, i-Novelis iza kubethelela ukuma kwayo okuqinileyo kwimarike njengomthengisi weemveliso ezahlukeneyo ezisongiweyo.

[143] Abasebenzi abasisigxina kwimizi-mveliso yesikhumba ngabasebenzi bexesha elide, abadla ngokuba ngabemi besikhumba abakhulu, abaxhamlayo kwisivumelwano sengqesho esizinzileyo (enezibonelelo ezingcono kakhulu emsebenzini, amaxesha amaninzi ngenxa yokumelwa kweemanyano zabasebenzi). Udliwano-ndlebe lweHuman Rights Watch noGroho, Dhaka, April 25, 2012; Shetu, Dhaka, May 2, 2012; Shombaar, Dhaka, May 6, 2012; Kapor, Dhaka, April 28, 2012. UMthetho wezaBasebenzi unengcaciso ebanzi yomsebenzi osisigxina, njengalowo “oqeshwe kwiziko ngokusisigxina okanye [oye] ugqibe ngokwanelisayo ixesha lokulingwa kwakhe ekusekweni. ”Labour Act (2006), icandelo 4(7).

Umbuzo wam wokuqala ngowokwabiwa kwenkunzi eyongeziweyo, bekukho iintetho malunga nokuseka umzi-mveliso wezichumiso eHindustan Zinc. Ngaba ikho inkqubela eyenziweyo apho? Ngumbuzo wokuqala lowo.

Uphononongo ngo-2006 lunike ingxelo yoxinzelelo olusezantsi lwechromium kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba e-Hazaribagh kunophononongo luka-2001. [31] Noko ke, iye yafumanisa ukuba amanzi aphantsi komhlaba asuka eHazaribagh ayephezulu kwisodium, imagnesium, iammonium, ichlorine, isulfate, necalcium kunye nechromium, ikopolo, ilothe, ialuminiyam, nesalfure kuneendawo ezikufuphi. Yalumkisa ngelithi “kunokubakho ukungcoliseka kwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba anzulu kwixesha elizayo ukuba ukukhuselwa komhlaba kunye nemekobume yamanzi aphantsi komhlaba kwinkunkuma yesikhumba engacocwanga akuqwalaselwa.”[32]

Iqhosha le-Sport livuselela i-ESP kodwa linikezela ngakumbi kwi-gristle ephakathi, ngelixa i-boost-gauge inyuswe kwi-gear-shift indicator itshintshisa ukusuka ekugcinweni kwamafutha ukuya kwiingcebiso ezihlaselayo. Tyhila phambili kwaye i-steering ivakala icotha kakhulu, ngakumbi kwiintshukumo zayo zokuqala, kodwa inika ulwazi olwaneleyo lokufumana ukugcinwa kwayo, hayi stardom.

I-in vitro transcription kunye nokudluliselwa kweeseli zeVero zivelise i-Nd kunye ne-K23 intsholongwane eyosulelayo engumxube evakalisa i-Nd kunye ne-K23 prM kunye ne-E proteins, ngokulandelanayo. Ukuqinisekisa i-phenotype elindelekileyo ye-virus ye-hybride, ubukho be-heterologous TBEV protein E kwi-particle hybrid virus particles yahlalutywa yi-Western blotting usebenzisa i-polyclonal anti-TBEV Neudörfl kunye ne-anti-WNV NY99 antisera, njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili (19). Iintsholongwane zeHybrid ezifunyenwe kwiiseli ezosulelekileyo zalandelelwa ukubonisa ukuba akukho zinguqulelo okanye utshintsho olongezelelweyo lwenzekile kwiintsholongwane ezisetyenzisiweyo kwiimvavanyo zokungathathi hlangothi ezilandelayo.

[162] Uphando luka-1996 lokusetyenzwa kwabantwana okuyingozi e-Bangladesh kubhalwe iingxaki zempilo phakathi kwabasebenzi abacoca izikhumba: Wahidur Rahman, “Hazardous Child Labor in Bangladesh,” Department of Labour, Government of Bangladesh, 1996. Uphando luka-1997 lokuqeshwa kwabantwana olugunyaziswe yiUNICEF. ufumene abantwana abancinci eHazaribagh besebenza ngoomatshini abayingozi: Bert Pelto,” Daily Lives of Working Children: Case Studies from Bangladesh,” 1997. Uphando luka-2005 lwabantwana baseHazaribagh tanneries lwafumanisa ukuba eyona misebenzi ixhaphakileyo yabantwana abasebenza kubantwana kukufunxa izikhumba ezikrwada kwaye. ukucubungula izifihlakalo “eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka”: Zehadul Karim, “Imeko yokuSebenziswa kwaBantwana kuShishino lweLeather Tannery kwiSithili saseDhaka,” International Labour Organisation, 2005. Uphando olusisiseko malunga nokusebenza okuyingozi kwabantwana eBangladesh olwapapashwa ngowama-2006 kuqikelelwa ukuba bamalunga nama-3,300 abantwana abasebenza kwimizi-mveliso yesikhumba okanye ukwenziwa kwezihlangu zesikhumba: I-Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, “Uvavanyo olusisiseko lokumisela amaCandelo okuSebenza kwabantwana anobungozi e-Bangladesh ngo-2005,” J. uly 2006, iphe. 76. Jonga naku-Anna Ensing, “UkuSebenziswa kwaBantwana okuBubungozi kwiCandelo lesikhumba lase-Dhaka, e-Bangladesh,” iSiseko soPhando lwaMazwe ngaMazwe ngaBantwana abaSebenzayo, ngo-Januwari 2009 http://www.childlabour.net/documents/worstformsAsiaproject/Ensing_Leather_Bangladesh_2009.pdf (ifikelelekile NgoSeptemba 29, 2012).

[20] iSebe lezokusiNgqongileyo, "Uvavanyo kunye neMaphu yoNgcoliseko lokusiNgqongileyo oluvela kuShishino kwi-Greater Dhaka kunye noLungiselelo lwezicwangciso-qhinga zokuNciphisa," Septemba 2008, iphe. 62. Khuphela kwifayile yakwaHuman Rights Watch.