Intara kandi yafashe icyemezo cyo gushaka izindi nkunga kubintu nko gutunganya ubusitani, ibibuga by'imikino, kwerekana imanza hamwe nudido. Iyi mishyikirano yatumye igiciro kigera kuri miliyoni 20 z'amadolari.

Hindura kuri aluminium, twishimiye kumenyesha ko inzira yo kugabanya ibiciro ikomeza hamwe nigihembwe cya mbere CoP ku $ 1.764 kuri toni, kugabanuka kwa 8% umwaka-ku-mwaka. Twabonye inyandiko nshya mu musaruro wa alumina wajyanywe bunyago i Lanjigarh hamwe n’umusaruro mwinshi kuruta toni 446.000, wiyongereyeho 37% umwaka ushize. Ibi byashyigikiwe cyane nibitangwa na OMC, byujuje hafi 65% bya bauxite dusabwa mugihembwe. Kubera iyo mpamvu, uruganda rwacu rwa Lanjigarh rwabonye kimwe mu biciro bihendutse by’umusaruro, nkuko nabivuze kare, ku madolari 284 kuri toni, bikaba ari iterambere rikomeye umwaka ushize.

Ubushuhe ni amakuru atandukanye nayo arakenewe. Benshi mubakora ibinyabiziga bakoresha ubushyuhe murwego rwa T4, bifatwa nkimbaraga nke, kuburyo bishobora guhinduka muburyo bugoye. Abandi bakora ibicuruzwa barashobora gukoresha T6, ikomera 50 ku ijana, bigatuma amanota yoroheje agabanya ibiro ariko agakomeza imbaraga no kurwanya amenyo. Ubushyuhe buzagira ikintu kinini cyo gusana, nkuko ubushyuhe buringaniye, niko umwete nigihe bizatwara kugirango bisanwe - niba bishoboka gusana.

Ibinyuranyo, ibyuma bya karubone byoroshye bifite ubushyuhe bwo kwagura ubushyuhe bwa microinches 7.8 kuri santimetero F.

Novelis na Aleris byombi ni uruganda rukora ibicuruzwa bya aluminiyumu bifite ibikoresho bifatika mu karere k’ubukungu bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (EEA), cyane cyane mu Bubiligi, Ubudage, Ubutaliyani n'Ubwongereza. Hamwe nigikorwa cyateganijwe, Novelis yashimangira umwanya ukomeye wamasoko nkumuntu utanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye.

143 Ikibazo cya Human Rights Watch cyabajijwe na Groho, Dhaka, ku ya 25 Mata 2012; Shetu, Dhaka, ku ya 2 Gicurasi 2012; Shombaar, Dhaka, ku ya 6 Gicurasi 2012; Kapor, Dhaka, ku ya 28 Mata 2012. Itegeko ry’umurimo rifite ibisobanuro birambuye by’umukozi uhoraho, nk '“ukora mu kigo ku buryo buhoraho cyangwa [warangije] mu buryo bushimishije igihe cy’igeragezwa rye mu kigo. . ”Itegeko ry'umurimo (2006), agace ka 4 (7).

Ikibazo cyanjye cya mbere kijyanye no kongera igishoro, habaye ibiganiro byo gushinga uruganda rwifumbire muri Hindustan Zinc. Hoba hari intambwe imaze guterwa hariya? Icyo nikibazo cya mbere.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2006 bwagaragaje ko chromium iri mu mazi y’ubutaka ya Hazaribagh ugereranije n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2001. Icyakora, yasanze urugero rw’amazi yo mu butaka rwa Hazaribagh yari menshi muri sodium, magnesium, ammonium, chlorine, sulfate, na calcium kimwe na chromium, umuringa, gurş, aluminium, na sulferi kuruta uturere twegeranye. Yagabishije ko “mu gihe kiri imbere hashobora kwanduzwa amazi yimbitse yo mu butaka niba bidatekerejweho kurinda ubutaka n’ibidukikije by’amazi yo mu butaka.” [32]

Akabuto ka Siporo kabaho neza kuri ESP ariko kandi gatanga urwego ruciriritse rwagati, mugihe kuzamura-gauge byashyizwe ahagaragara byerekana ibikoresho byo guhinduranya ibicuruzwa biva mu bicanwa bikabagira inama. Shyira hejuru kandi kuyobora byunvikana cyane, cyane cyane mubikorwa byambere, ariko bitanga amakuru ahagije kugirango ubone ibyo ukomeza, ntabwo ari inyenyeri.

Muri transcription ya vitro no kwanduza selile Vero byatanze virusi ya Nd na K23 yanduye yerekana Nd na proteine ​​za K23 prM na E. Kugira ngo hemezwe fenotipike iteganijwe ya virusi ya Hybrid, kuba hari poroteyine E ya heterologique ya TBEV ya virusi ya Hybrid yasesenguwe na Western blotting ikoresheje polyclone anti-TBEV Neudörfl na anti-WNV NY99, nkuko byasobanuwe mbere (19). Virusi ya Hybrid yakuwe mu ngirabuzimafatizo zandujwe zikurikiranwa kugira ngo zerekane ko nta guhinduka cyangwa ihinduka ry’inyongera ryabaye muri virusi zikoreshwa mu gihe cyo kutabogama.

[162] Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 1996 ku mirimo mibi ikoreshwa abana muri Bangaladeshi bwerekanye ibibazo by’ubuzima hagati y’abakozi bakora imirimo y’uruhu rw’abana: Wahidur Rahman, “Imirimo mibi ikoreshwa abana muri Bangladesh,” Ishami ry’umurimo, Guverinoma ya Bangladesh, 1996. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 1997 bwakozwe na UNICEF. basanze abana bato muri Hazaribagh bakorana n’imashini ziteje akaga: Bert Pelto, "Daily Lives of Children Work: Case Studies from Bangladesh," 1997. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2005 ku bana bo mu ruganda rwa Hazaribagh bwerekanye ko imirimo ikunze kugaragara ku bakozi b’abana ari ukunyunyuza impu mbisi kandi gutunganya “ubururu butose” bwihishe: Zehadul Karim, “Imiterere y’imirimo ikoreshwa abana mu nganda z’uruhu rw’uruhu mu karere ka Dhaka,” Umuryango mpuzamahanga w’abakozi, 2005. Ubushakashatsi bwibanze ku mirimo mibi ikoreshwa abana muri Bangladesh bwasohowe mu 2006 bwagaragaje ko abana bagera ku 3.300 bakora mu ruganda cyangwa gukora inkweto z'uruhu: Biro ya Bangaladeshi ishinzwe Ibarurishamibare, “Ubushakashatsi bwibanze bwo kumenya Inzego zita ku mirimo ikoreshwa abana muri Bangladesh 2005,” J mukuru 2006, p. 76. Reba kandi Anna Ensing, "Imirimo mibi ikoreshwa abana mumirenge yimpu ya Dhaka, Bangladesh," Fondasiyo yubushakashatsi mpuzamahanga kubana bakora, Mutarama 2009 Ku ya 29 Nzeri 2012).

Ishami ry’ibidukikije, “Ubushakashatsi no Gushushanya Ikwirakwizwa ry’ibidukikije bituruka ku nganda zo muri Dhaka nini no gutegura ingamba zo kuyikemura,” Nzeri 2008, p. 62. Gukoporora muri dosiye hamwe na Human Rights Watch.