Pali mawu mu makampani osintha magalimoto omwe amapita, 'Ndi bwino kukhala mapaundi khumi opepuka pa masika kusiyana ndi pounds imodzi yopepuka pa kasupe.' Chifukwa chakuti kulemera kwa kasupe kumagwirizana ndi liwiro la kuyankha kwa gudumu, kukweza gudumu la magudumu kudzakhudza kwambiri kayendetsedwe ka galimoto muzosinthidwa zomwe zaloledwa panopa. Ngakhale mawilo amtundu wofanana, padzakhala kusiyana kwakukulu muzinthu zamakina ndi kulemera kwawo pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosiyanasiyana ndi njira zopangira. Kodi mukudziwa za njira zosiyanasiyana processing kwazitsulo zotayidwamagudumu?

 
Kuponya kwamphamvu yokoka
Kuponya ndiye njira yofunikira kwambiri pamakampani opanga zitsulo. Kale kwambiri, anthu ankadziwa kugwiritsa ntchito mkuwa kupanga zida ndi zombo zina pogwiritsa ntchito njira zoponyera. Ndi teknoloji yomwe imatenthetsa chitsulo kuti chisungunuke ndikuchitsanulira mu nkhungu kuti chizizizira bwino, ndipo zomwe zimatchedwa "gravity casting" ndikudzaza nkhungu yonse ndi aluminiyumu yamadzimadzi pansi pa mphamvu yokoka. Ngakhale kuti ndondomekoyi ndi yotsika mtengo komanso yosavuta, ndizovuta kutsimikizira kusasinthasintha mkati mwa magudumu a magudumu ndipo sachedwa kutulutsa thovu. Mphamvu zake ndi zokolola zake ndizochepa. Masiku ano, ukadaulo uwu watha pang'onopang'ono.

Kuthamanga kwapansi
Kuponyera kwapansi ndi njira yoponyera yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya gasi kukanikiza zitsulo zamadzimadzi mu nkhungu ndikupangitsa kuti kuponyera kusungunuke ndi kulimba pansi pa kukanikiza kwina. Njirayi imatha kudzaza nkhungu mwachangu ndi zitsulo zamadzimadzi, ndipo chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa mpweya sikolimba kwambiri, imatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwachitsulo popanda kuyamwa mumlengalenga. Poyerekeza ndi kuponyera kwa mphamvu yokoka, kapangidwe ka mkati mwa mawilo oponyera otsika ndi ocheperako ndipo ali ndi mphamvu zambiri. Kuponyera kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kumakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, kuyenerera kwazinthu zambiri, makina abwino opangira ma castings, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kwamadzimadzi a aluminiyamu, ndipo ndikoyenera kupanga zazikulu zothandizira. Pakali pano, ambiri mwa magudumu apakati mpaka otsika amagwiritsira ntchito njirayi.

 
Kupopera kozungulira
Kupopera kozungulira kuli ngati kujambula muukadaulo wa ceramic. Zimatengera kuponyedwa kwa mphamvu yokoka kapena kuponyera pang'onopang'ono, ndipo pang'onopang'ono amatalikitsa ndi kufewetsa nthiti ya gudumu kupyolera mu kasinthasintha wa aloyi ya aluminiyamu yokha ndi kutuluka ndi kutambasula kwa tsamba lozungulira. Mphepete mwa gudumu imapangidwa ndi kupota kotentha, komwe kumakhala ndi mizere yowonekera bwino ya ulusi mu kapangidwe kake, kumapangitsanso mphamvu zonse komanso kukana dzimbiri kwa gudumu. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zakuthupi, kulemera kwa chinthu chopepuka, ndi mipata yaying'ono ya mamolekyu, ndi njira yotamandidwa kwambiri pamsika wapano.

 
Integrated forging
Forging ndi njira yopangira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito makina opangira makina kuti agwiritse ntchito kukakamiza kwazitsulo zachitsulo, zomwe zimawapangitsa kuti adulidwe ndi pulasitiki kuti apeze zopanga zamakina, mawonekedwe, ndi kukula kwake. Pambuyo popanga, aluminiyumu billet imakhala ndi mkati mwake, ndipo njira yopangirayo imatha kutentha bwino chitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutentha kwambiri. Chifukwa chakuti luso lopanga ukadaulo limatha kupanga chitsulo chimodzi chopanda kanthu ndipo sichingapange mawonekedwe apadera, zosoweka za aluminiyamu zimafuna njira zovuta zodulira ndi kupukuta pambuyo popanga, zomwe zimakhalanso zodula kwambiri kuposa ukadaulo wakuponya.

Multipiece forging
Integrated forging amafuna kudula kuchuluka kwa miyeso owonjezera, ndi processing nthawi ndi mtengo wake ndi mkulu. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zinthu zamakina zofanana ndi mawilo ophatikizika, ndikuchepetsa nthawi yokonza ndi ndalama, mitundu ina yamagalimoto yamagalimoto yatengera njira yopangira zinthu zambiri. Mipikisano chidutswa mawilo anapeka akhoza kugawidwa mu zidutswa ziwiri ndi zidutswa zitatu. Yoyamba imakhala ndi masipoko ndi mawilo, pomwe yomaliza imakhala ndi masipokoni, kumbuyo, ndi masipoko. Chifukwa cha zovuta za msoko, malo opangira ma wheel piece atatu amayenera kusindikizidwa kuti atsimikize kuti pamakhala mpweya wabwino mukatha kulumikiza. Pakali pano pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zolumikizira gudumu la magudumu opangidwa ndi magudumu ambiri: imodzi ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito mabawuti/mtedza wapadera polumikizira; Njira ina ndiyo kuwotcherera. Ngakhale mtengo wa mawilo opangidwa ndi zidutswa zamitundu yambiri ndiotsika kuposa mawilo opangidwa ndi chidutswa chimodzi, siwopepuka.

 
Finyani kuponyera
Ukadaulo wa forging umathandizira kukonza magawo owoneka bwino, kuwapatsa zida zamakina, pomwe kuponyera kumaphatikiza zabwino zonse ziwiri. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuthira zitsulo zamadzimadzi m'chidebe chotseguka, ndiyeno kugwiritsa ntchito nkhonya yothamanga kwambiri kukanikizira zitsulo zamadzimadzi mu nkhungu, kudzaza, kupanga, ndi kuziziritsa kuti ziwonekere. Njira yopangira iyi imatsimikizira kachulukidwe mkati mwa gudumu, yokhala ndi zida zamakina pafupi ndi ma gudumu ophatikizika, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, palibe zinthu zambiri zotsalira zomwe ziyenera kudulidwa. Pakali pano, malo ambiri opangira magudumu ku Japan atengera njira imeneyi. Chifukwa chanzeru zambiri, makampani ambiri apanga kufinya njira imodzi yopangira malo opangira ma wheel wheel.