Kodi aluminiyamu angakuchitireni?
Kodi aluminiyamu ndi chiyani?
Chiloro cha aluminiyam ndi chopangidwa ndi mankhwala pomwe zinthu zina zimawonjezeredwa ku ma aluminium okwanira kuti apititse mphamvu zake, makamaka kuti zikuwonjezere mphamvu yake. Zinthu zina izi zimaphatikizapo chitsulo, silicon, mkuwa, magnesium, manganese ndi zinc m'matumbo omwe amaphatikizidwa amatha kupanga zochuluka ngati 15 peresenti ya zotupa. Ma Haylos amapatsidwa nambala ya manambala anayi, pomwe digito yoyamba imazindikiritsa gulu, kapena mndandanda, wodziwika ndi zinthu zake zabwino kwambiri.
Aluminiyamu oyenerera
1xxx mndandanda
Seti ya 1xxx imakhazikika ndi aluminium 99 peresenti kapena kutalika kwambiri. Nkhanizi zili ndi chivundikiro chabwino kwambiri, kugwirira ntchito bwino, komanso mawonekedwe apamwamba komanso amagetsi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mndandanda wa 1xxx umagwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa, kapena gulu lamphamvu. Makina wamba a alyoy mu mndandanda uno ndi 1350, pazamagetsi zamagetsi, ndi 1100, chifukwa cha matchera a chakudya.
Owongolera owotcha
Zowonjezera zina zimalimbitsidwa ndi njira yothetsera kutentha kenako ndikuzimitsa, kapena kuziziritsa mwachangu. Kutentha Kuchizira kumatenga chitsulo cholimba, chofunda ndikuchizani ku mfundo inayake. Zolinga za Aloy, zotchedwa solute, zimagawidwa motakasuka ndi aluminiyamu omwe amawayika mu njira yolimba. Zitsulo pambuyo pake zimaphulika, kapena kuzimitsidwa mwachangu, zomwe zimazirala ma atomu opusa. Ma atomu ofewetsa solomo amaphatikizidwa ndi gulu lofalitsidwa bwino. Izi zimachitika mchipinda chofunda chomwe chimatchedwa achilengedwe kapena pakompyuta yochepa yotentha yomwe imatchedwa kuti kukalamba.
2xxx mndandanda
Mu mndandanda wa 2xxx, mkuwa umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mfundo yoyatsira chinthu ndipo imatha kulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kudzera mu njira yochitira kutentha. Izi zimapangitsa kuphatikiza kwamphamvu kwambiri kwamphamvu ndi kulimba mtima, koma osakhala ndi magawo a mlengalenga woponderezedwa monga aluminiyamu owongolera. Chifukwa chake, zowonera izi nthawi zambiri zimapentedwa kapena kupatsidwa zida zofananira. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chilocha-choyera kapena mndandanda wa 6xxx. Alloy 2024 mwina ndi ndege yodziwika bwino kwambiri.
6xxx
Serimita ya 6xxx ndi yosiyanasiyana, yolemekezeka, yotchuka kwambiri, yotopetsa komanso imalimba kwambiri pokana kuwononga. Axpoys mu mndandanda uno ali ndi silicon ndi magnesium kuti apange magnesium alloy a inloy. Zogulitsa kuchokera ku 6xxx mndandanda woyamba wa zomanga ndi zojambula. Alloy 6061 ndiye njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri munkhaniyi ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri m'magawo agalimoto ndi marine. Kuphatikiza apo, mlandu wina wa foni unapangidwa kuchokera ku 3xxx mndandanda wa Aloy.
7xxx
Zinc ndiye gawo lalikulu lopambana pamndandanda uno, ndipo magnesium amawonjezeredwa pang'ono, zotsatira zake zimakhala zolimba, mphamvu zazikulu kwambiri. Zinthu zina monga mkuwa ndi chromium ingawonjezerenso zochepa. Ma Slodiy omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi 7050 ndi 7075, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani.
Zowongolera zosachizira
Othandizira omwe sawazidwa kutentha amalimbikitsidwa chifukwa chogwira ntchito mozizira. Kuthamanga kozizira kumachitika nthawi yopukutira kapena kungoyambitsa njira ndipo ndikugwira ntchito "kugwirira ntchito" zitsulo kuti zitheke. Mwachitsanzo, mukamayendetsa aluminiyamu pansi ku ziwalo zowonda, zimakhala ndi mphamvu. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuzizira kumalimbitsa malo osokoneza ndi ntchito, kenako imalepheretsa kusunthika kwa maatomu. Izi zimawonjezera mphamvu ya chitsulo. Zinthu zokongola ngati magnesium zimakulitsa izi, zomwe zimapangitsa ngakhale mphamvu zapamwamba.
3xxx
Mangalanese ndi chinthu chachikulu choyatsira mu mndandanda uno, nthawi zambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa magnesium owonjezedwa. Komabe, ochepa ochepa chabe a manganese amatha kuwonjezeka kwa aluminiyamu. 3003 ndi gawo lodziwika bwino chifukwa cha cholinga chifukwa champhamvu kwambiri komanso kugwirira ntchito bwino ndipo kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pamapulogalamu monga osinthana ndi ma betesni. Aloy 3004 ndipo zosintha zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matupi a zakumwa za aluminiyamu.
4xxx
4xxx mndandanda wa emoss amaphatikizidwa ndi silicon, yomwe imatha kuwonjezeredwa munjira zokwanira kuchepetsa malo osungunuka a aluminium, osabala. Chifukwa cha izi, mndandanda wa 4xxx amatulutsa waya wabwino wowuma ndi kuwononga ma hards omwe malo odulira osungunuka amafunikira. Aloy 4043 ndi amodzi mwa oyimba kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito potchera ma 6xxx mndandanda wazovala zamagetsi komanso zamagetsi.
5xxx
Magnesium ndiye gawo lalikulu lopambana mu 5xxx mndandanda ndipo ndi imodzi mwazinthu zothandiza kwambiri komanso zothandiza kwambiri pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Axoss mu mndandanda uno amakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri, komanso kuwoneka bwino komanso kukana kuwonongeka mu malo am'mimba. Chifukwa cha izi, magnenium-magnesium almos amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito yomanga ndi zomanga, matatani osungira, zombo ndi zomangira zamadzi. Zitsanzo za mapulogalamu a zivomerezi wamba zimaphatikizapo: 5052 mu zamagetsi, 5083 m'magawo a Marine, ma sheet 5005 a zomangamanga mapulogalamu ndi 5182 amapanga chakumwa cha aluminiyamu chitha kuviyika.
