California-based cement maker Brimstone plans to produce U. S. smelting-grade alumina by 2030. Thus reducing the U. S. dependence on imported alumina and bauxite. As part of its decarbonization cement manufacturing process, portland cement and auxiliary cementing tious (SCM) are also produced as by-products.

Brimstone $8.7 million of the $189 million in federal cost contributions from the Department of Energy. Will begin trial operations in 2025, and plans to open a $378 million commercial demonstration plant in 2030, strengthen the domestic alumina supply chain and create jobs.