Kedu ka aluminom nwere ike isi mee gị?
Kedu ihe bụ Aluminom Alloy?
Aluminom alloy bụ ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ ebe a na-agbakwunye ihe ndị ọzọ na aluminom dị ọcha iji kwalite njirimara ya, bụ isi iji bulie ike ya. Ihe ndị ọzọ a gụnyere ígwè, silicon, ọla kọpa, magnesium, manganese na zinc na ọkwa nke jikọtara nwere ike ime ihe ruru pasenti 15 nke alloy site n'ịdị arọ. A na-ekenye alloy ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ anọ, nke ọnụọgụ nke mbụ na-achọpụta otu klas izugbe, ma ọ bụ usoro, nke ejiri ihe ndị bụ isi na-ekekọta ya mara.
Aluminom dị ọcha
Usoro 1xxx
Usoro alloys 1xxx nwere aluminom 99 pasent ma ọ bụ ịdị ọcha ka elu. Usoro ihe omume a nwere ezigbo nguzogide corrosion, arụmọrụ dị mma, yana oke ọkụ na ọkụ eletrik. Nke a bụ ya mere a na-ejikarị usoro 1xxx maka nnyefe, ma ọ bụ grid ike, ahịrị. Nhazi alloy ndị a na-ahụkarị na usoro a bụ 1350, maka ngwa eletriki, yana 1100, maka trays nkwakọ ngwaahịa nri.
Alloys a na-agwọ ọkụ
A na-eme ka ụfọdụ alloys sikwuo ike site na ọgwụgwọ ikpo ọkụ na-emenyụ, ma ọ bụ ngwa ngwa jụrụ oyi. Ngwọta ikpo ọkụ na-ewere ígwè siri ike, alloyed ma kpoo ya ruo otu ebe. A na-ekesa ihe ndị ahụ alloy, nke a na-akpọ solute, n'otu aka ahụ na aluminom na-etinye ha na ngwọta siri ike. A na-emenyụ ọla ahụ, ma ọ bụ mee ka ọ dị jụụ ngwa ngwa, nke na-eme ka atom solute dị n'ebe. N'ihi ya, atom solute na-ejikọta n'ime mkpọmkpọ ebe ekesa nke ọma. Nke a na-eme na ụlọ okpomọkụ nke a na-akpọ ịka nká nke okike ma ọ bụ n'ime ọkụ ọkụ dị ala nke a na-akpọ ịka nká.
Usoro 2xxx
N'ime usoro 2xxx, a na-eji ọla kọpa mee ihe dị ka ụkpụrụ alloying element na enwere ike wusie ike nke ukwuu site na ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ. Alloys ndị a nwere ezigbo ngwakọta nke ike dị elu na ike siri ike, mana enweghị ọkwa nke nguzogide corrosion ikuku dị ka ọtụtụ alloys aluminum ndị ọzọ. Ya mere, a na-esekarị alloys ndị a ma ọ bụ kpuchie maka ihe ngosi ndị dị otú ahụ. A na-ejikarị alloy dị ọcha ma ọ bụ usoro 6xxx kpuchie ha iji guzogide corrosion nke ukwuu. Alloy 2024 eleghị anya, ndị kasị ebe mara ugbo elu alloy.
Usoro 6xxx
Usoro 6xxx dị iche iche, a na-agwọta okpomọkụ, nke a na-emepụta nke ọma, nke nwere ike weldable ma nwee ike dị oke oke yana yana ezigbo nguzogide corrosion. Alloys na usoro a nwere silicon na magnesium iji mepụta magnesium silicide n'ime alloy. Ngwaahịa extrusion sitere na usoro 6xxx bụ nhọrọ mbụ maka ngwa ụlọ na nhazi. Alloy 6061 bụ ihe a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'usoro a ma na-ejikarị ya na gwongworo na okpokolo agba mmiri. Na mgbakwunye, e mere ụfọdụ akpa ekwentị site na 6xxx series alloy.
Usoro 7xxx
Zinc bụ onye na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe maka usoro isiokwu a, ma mgbe a na-agbakwunye magnesium n'ime obere ego, ihe si na ya pụta bụ ikpo ọkụ na-edozi ahụ, na-eme ka ike dị elu. Ihe ndị ọzọ dị ka ọla kọpa na chromium nwekwara ike ịtinye na obere nha. Alloy ndị a kacha mara amara bụ 7050 na 7075, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu.
Alloys anaghị agwọ ọrịa ọkụ
A na-eme ka alloys ndị na-adịghị ekpo ọkụ na-esiwanye ike site na ịrụ ọrụ oyi. Arụ ọrụ oyi na-eme n'oge a na-atụgharị ma ọ bụ na-akpụgharị ụzọ na ọ bụ omume nke "ịrụ ọrụ" ígwè iji mee ka ọ dịkwuo ike. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe ị na-atụgharị aluminom ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị nro, ọ na-esiwanye ike. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ịrụ ọrụ oyi na-ewulite nkwụsịtụ na ohere na nhazi ahụ, nke na-egbochi mmegharị nke atọm n'akụkụ ibe ha. Nke a na-abawanye ike nke ígwè. Ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe dị ka magnesium na-eme ka mmetụta a dịkwuo ike, na-ebute ọbụna ike dị elu.
Usoro 3xxx
Manganese bụ isi ihe na-ekekọta ihe n'usoro isiokwu a, na-enwekarị nnukwu magnesium agbakwunyere. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ nanị pasent ole manganese nwere ike ịgbakwunye nke ọma na aluminum. 3003 bụ alloy na-ewu ewu maka ebumnuche izugbe n'ihi na ọ nwere ike na-agafeghị oke yana arụ ọrụ dị mma yana enwere ike iji ya na ngwa dịka ndị na-agbanwe ọkụ na arịa nri. Alloy 3004 na mgbanwe ya na-eji na ozu nke aluminom iko.
Usoro 4xxx
A na-ejikọta 4xxx usoro alloys na silicon, nke a ga-agbakwunye na oke zuru ezu iji wedata ebe mgbaze nke aluminom, na-enweghị amịpụta brittleness. N'ihi nke a, usoro 4xxx na-emepụta waya ịgbado ọkụ dị mma na brazing alloys ebe achọrọ ebe mgbaze dị ala. Alloy 4043 bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị na-ejuputa ihe ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ịgbado ọkụ usoro 6xxx maka ngwa nhazi na ụgbọ ala.
Usoro 5xxx
Magnesium bụ onye na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na usoro 5xxx ma bụrụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kachasị dị irè na nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka aluminum. Alloys na nsonso a nwere agafeghị oke na elu ike e ji mara, nakwa dị ka ezi weldability na iguzogide corrosion na mmiri gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ihi nke a, a na-eji aluminom-magnesium alloys eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ime ụlọ na ihe owuwu, tankị nchekwa, arịa nrụgide na ngwa mmiri. Ihe atụ nke ngwa alloy ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere: 5052 na ngwa elektrọn, 5083 na ngwa mmiri, mpempe akwụkwọ 5005 anodized maka ngwa ụkpụrụ ụlọ na 5182 na-eme ka ihe ọṅụṅụ aluminom nwere ike kpuchie.
